Geography of Osh

Written by Sandeep Nehra

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Kyrgyz Republic’s  city of Osh is one of the major cities of the Ferghana valley. t is also known as the southern capital of Kyrgyzstan.

Founded: In IX. BC, a city with 1876.

Official language – Kyrgyz and Russian.

Ethnic composition: Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Russian, Tatars, Tajiks, Uighurs. Languages spoken by the inhabitants: Kyrgyz, Uzbek and Russian.

Currency: The Kyrgyz SOM

Population: 300 thousand people.

Geographical coordinates: 40 ° 31’48 “s.sh 72 ° 48 ‘” E Timezone (GMT +6)

Osh is located on the southeastern edge of the Fergana Basin in the northern foothills Kichialayskogo Ridge (south-western margin of the Tien Shan, and north-eastern edge of the Pamir-Alai) at an altitude of 700-1000 meters above sea level. Above the sloping surface of the plain rises the Sulaiman Mountain – outputs of the Paleozoic basement, composed metamorfoznymi limestone and sandstone. The surface of the plains of the north-west cut through the valley of the river Ak-Buur. According to the seismic zoning, the territory of the city belongs to the 9-point scale. According to climatic conditions in the area of the city belongs to the northern edge of subtropical zone of the mountain area of the Pamir-Alai.

Basic climate factors – radiation, the cyclonic activity Iranian branch of the front temperate latitudes and altitudinal zonation. The average annual amount of sunshine duration 2650 hours, ie 62% of the possible. Monthly duration of sunshine is greatest in July – 343 hours, the lowest – December 106 hours. Winter in Osh mild with frequent thaws, Wed. temperature in January – 3,5 ° C. Early Spring, warm. Summer is hot and dry with an average July temperature 24,7 ° C average annual temperature 11,2 ° C. The absolute amplitude of the temperature reaches 65 ° C, absolute minimum temperature -26 ° C, maximum 39 ° C, outside the city in a field – up to -31 ° C and 40 ° C. Average length of frost-free period of 212 days, maximum 262, minimum 179. Spring frosts are usually terminated at the end of March. Autumn frosts begin in late October.
Snow cover lasts for more than 70 days a year. Precipitation during the year is extremely uneven. Medium, long-term rainfall of 350 mm. A significant proportion is in March-July (48%), dry period in July-September (7%). Possible catastrophic downpours that can cause debris phenomena. The average snow depth of 10 cm, 44 cm Maximum, minimum of 6 cm for the city is characterized by mountain-valley winds from the south and the invasion front-westerly winds abundance of water and heat, the length of the growing season are favorable for the growth of trees and shrubs. Dry steppe and semidesert vegetation is replaced by a culture, consisting of park plantations, which give a peculiar contrast with the surrounding nature.

Among the representatives of dendroflora typical elm (elm), willow, mulberry, and various types of poplar, Gyda (Elaeagnus) walnut, sycamore (plane), and other natives of mountainous areas of Central Asia. Grow and locust bean, honey locust, some species of maples and other fruit crops from apricot (apricot), pomegranate, plum, apple, pear, peach and grapes. The basis of the animal world cities are representatives of different landscapes: the steppe, mountain slopes, etc.

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